Methodological Nationalism and Beyond: Nation-state Building, Migration and the Social Sciences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/2074-0492-2021-2-184-231Keywords:
национализм, международная миграция, нациостроительство, эпистемологияAbstract
Под методологическим национализмом понимается допущение, что нация/государство/общество являются естественными социальными и политическими образованиями современного мира. В статье мы выделяем три типа методологического национализма, которые в основном характерны для социальных наук, а затем показываем, как они отразились на исследованиях миграции. Мы проводим параллели между националистическим мышлением и концептуализацией миграции в послевоенных социальных науках. В историческом обзоре мы показываем, что эта доминирующая концепция развивалась в тесном взаимодействии с процессами строительства национальных государств на Западе, а также рассматриваем роль иммиграционной и интеграционной политики в этих процессах. Переход к изучению транснациональных общностей - последняя фаза в этом процессе - был скорее следствием эпистемического отхода от методологического национализма, чем следствием появления новых объектов наблюдения. Статья завершается рекомендациями по новому концептуальному анализу, который, с одной стороны, не сопряжен с методологическим национализмом, а с другой - выходит за рамки флюидизма многих современных социальных теорий.Downloads
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